Mummichog metabolomics - Targeted and untargeted lipidome and metabolome profiling was performed with skin tissue by high-resolution mass spectrometry. ... The mummichog based pathway analysis shows that in control mice ...

 
Aug 5, 2021 · Functional interpretations of untargeted metabolomics data were conducted using the "MS peaks to pathways" module of MetaboAnalyst 4.0, which was developed based on the Mummichog algorithm for the biological interpretation of untargeted metabolomics data [16]. Mummichog-based hypergeometric and gene set enrichment analysis algorithms were used ... . Click funneling

This module performs integrated metabolic pathway analysis on results obtained from combined metabolomics and gene expression studies conducted under the same experimental conditions. It currently supports metabolomics data generated from 25 model organisms, including the Human, Mouse and Rat. Causal Analysis [Mendelian …Plasma metabolomics profiling is an emerging methodology to identify metabolic pathways underlying cardiovascular health (CVH). The objective of this study was to define metabolomic profiles ...May 7, 2020 · This process is very time consuming and remains a key bottleneck in global metabolomics [19,20]. The mummichog algorithm has introduced the concept of predicting pathway activity from ranked LC-MS peaks based on matching patterns of putatively annotated metabolites . The algorithm is available as Python scripts . Jan 19, 2023 · However, biological interpretation of global metabolomics data remains a daunting task. Recent years have seen growing applications of pathway enrichment analysis based on putative annotations of liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS) peaks for functional interpretation of LC-MS-based global metabolomics data. Jun 28, 2018 · 1 Introduction. Metabolomics aims to study all small compounds within a biological system. It complements other omics technologies in multi-omics characterization of biological systems, and is poised to play a significant role in precision medicine (Wishart, 2016).With the growing applications of metabolomics comes an urgent need for easy-to …May 7, 2020 · This process is very time consuming and remains a key bottleneck in global metabolomics [19,20]. The mummichog algorithm has introduced the concept of predicting pathway activity from ranked LC-MS peaks based on matching patterns of putatively annotated metabolites . The algorithm is available as Python scripts . The approach implemented by the computational algorithm Mummichog was one of the first to explore the modular structure of metabolic networks to validate annotations obtained through spectra matching ... Metabolomics data represents complex interaction networks rather than a collective of individual components. Therefore, trying to ...Living to be 80 or 90 years old was once considered an anomaly. In fact, when social security was first introduced in the US in the 1930s, the average life expectancy at birth was ...Unbiased metabolic profiling is critical to explore metabolic phenotype of cancer. •. Pathway analysis limited to identified metabolites reduces functional insights. •. Metabolic components without identification can be employed for pathway analysis. •. Pathway meta-analysis provides accurate information about breast cancer …MS Peaks to Pathways Step-by-Step. Step 1: On the MetaboAnalyst home page, press “click here to start” to enter the module overview. Step 2: On the Module View page, click the “MS Peaks to Pathways” circle to begin. Step 3: In the MS Peaks to Pathways upload page, first specify the “Mass Accuracy” and the “Analytical Mode” of ...Metabolomics is often likened to its proteomics sibling and has leveraged proteomics experience, but the field has evolved with inherently different challenges including the identification process. Peptides and proteins are typically a linear polymer and can be sequenced. ... mummichog : Level 3 Tentative Structure: MS1 database and MS2 ...Sep 17, 2020 · It started as a pathway and network analysis tool for untargeted metabolomics 36. Mummichog assumes that statistical testing at feature level, even without metabolite annotation, can select a subset of m/z features that carry biological meanings, which can be potentially projected onto metabolic networks as enriched patterns (Fig. …IVZ AMERICAN INFRAS GR 2021-4 F CA- Performance charts including intraday, historical charts and prices and keydata. Indices Commodities Currencies StocksDec 10, 2015 · In the previous steps, we have used MetaboAnalyst to carry out statistical analyses of the metabolomics data. For LC-MS data we have not yet determined what each metabolite ion is (see next talk from . Jeevan. Prasain. how we proceed to do that) Nonetheless, we want to map these data to understand how they connected. There are two options 1 Introduction. Metabolomics aims to study all small compounds within a biological system. It complements other omics technologies in multi-omics characterization of biological systems, and is poised to play a significant role in precision medicine (Wishart, 2016).With the growing applications of metabolomics comes an urgent need for easy-to-use, open-source …Moreover, a systematic review of metabolomics studies of AD in the PubMed, Cochrane and Embase databases were searched to extract the differential metabolites and altered pathways from original studies. ... Pathway enrichment analysis was conducted using Mummichog. In total, 669 metabolites were significantly altered with aging, and 12 pathways ...shuzhao@P500:~$ docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE xcms-sl latest 02a6ef231bc7 15 hours ago 1.32GB jasenfinch/ubuntu-r-xcms latest e58f6dcef717 35 hours ago 1.69GB shuzhao/mummichog 2.4.4 9b0ac8067b4a 5 days ago 397MB yufree/xcms latest 75d7c5534c58 8 days ago 4.66GB jupyter/datascience-notebook …Jun 12, 2022 · The mummichog algorithm has been developed to to perform pathway activity analysis directly from LC-MS untargeted metabolomics peak list data.The algorithm is based on the assumption that even the mapping of LC-MS peaks to compounds is often inaccurate, it is still possible to identify meaningful functional changes by performing enrichment analysis based on those “fuzzy” annotations, as ... Validation of mummichog on the human urine data set (Roux et al 2012), using metabolic model from BioCyc database. Mummichog predicts a network of 60 …shuzhao@P500:~$ docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE xcms-sl latest 02a6ef231bc7 15 hours ago 1.32GB jasenfinch/ubuntu-r-xcms latest e58f6dcef717 35 hours ago 1.69GB shuzhao/mummichog 2.4.4 9b0ac8067b4a 5 days ago 397MB yufree/xcms latest 75d7c5534c58 8 days ago 4.66GB jupyter/datascience-notebook …Dec 26, 2022 · The mummichog algorithm enhances the classical ORA in two ways: application to untargeted metabolomics based on putative identification of metabolites as previously explained, and a more robust P-value assessment. One of the most critical assumptions of the ORA methods is that the pathways can be treated independently. Sep 6, 2018 · A key challenge in this field is how to interpret high-throughput metabolomics data quickly and reliably in the biological context. This project of continued development of the mummichog software will provide an important solution. In turn, it will accelerate the translational impacts of metabolomics to biomedicine and human health. An R Package for Comprehensive Analysis of Metabolomics Data. Package index. Search the xia-lab/MetaboAnalystR package. Vignettes. README.md Functions. 2028. Source code. 97. Man pages. 548 ... Set the cutoff for mummichog analysis Description. Set the p-value cutoff for mummichog analysis. Usage SetMummichogPval(mSetObj = NA, cutoff) Arguments.The field of metabolomics is still maturing; the community has leveraged proteomics experience when applicable and developed a range of sample preparation and instrument methodology along with myriad data processing and analysis approaches. ... Network module output from mummichog analysis of the qualitative and relative quantitative ...Research papers that use mummichog. Gardinassi et al. (2018) Integrative metabolomics and transcriptomics signatures of clinical tolerance to Plasmodium vivax reveal activation of innate cell immunity and T cell signaling. Redox Biology. DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2018.04.011.Mummichog Serverpathway and network analysis for metabolomics. Updating cloud backend... please excuse downtime. One may use our v3 test server at the meantime. Start new analysis. Upload input file. This should be tab-delimited text file resulting from statistical analysis at feature level. One feature per line.Introduction Plants respond to changes in their environments through hormonal activation of a physiological cascade that redirects metabolic resources and growth. In filberts (Corylus sp.), chelated iron promotes the growth of new shoots but the mechanism(s) are not understood. Objectives To use untargeted metabolomics and …Mar 1, 2018 · This protocol describes XCMS Online, a web-based systems biology platform for processing of metabolomics data, pathway mapping and integration with genomics and proteomics data. Systems biology is ... We thus eschewed a direct annotation, and utilised the mummichog-style analysis in Metaboanalyst 5.0 51 to provide a glimpse of pathways amenable to reverse phase metabolomic profiling. In ...Jul 19, 2001 · Metabolomics is like other types of –omics analysis (microarray, RNA‐Seq, proteomics, etc.) Offers a “comprehensive” view of all detectable chemicals (not just metabolites) Can be applied to body fluids. Plasma/sera, urine, …Metabolomics - To decrease antibiotic resistance, their use as growth promoters in the agricultural sector has been largely abandoned. ... Through mummichog enrichment analysis on the large m/z signature, we found changes in amino acid metabolism, including branched chain amino acids and polyamines. We reliably classified chicken health from ...It currently supports metabolomics data generated from 25 model organisms, including the Human, Mouse and Rat. Causal Analysis [Mendelian randomization] With growing metabolomic-genome-wide association studies (mGWAS), we can now perform causal analysis between those SNP-tagged metabolites and disease outcomes by leveraging …A) In the work flow of untargeted metabolomics, the conventional approach requires the metabolites to be identified before pathway/network analysis, while mummichog (blue arrow) predicts functional activity bypassing metabolite identification. B) Each row of dots represent possible matches of metabolites from one m/z feature, red the true metabolite, gray the …Metabolomics is a rapidly evolving field that generates large and complex datasets. Bioinformatics becomes critical towards the extraction of meaningful biological information. ... Although adequate annotation is needed to interpret the result, the recent development of mummichog approach has enabled the generation of high-quality hypotheses ...Sep 17, 2020 · It started as a pathway and network analysis tool for untargeted metabolomics 36. Mummichog assumes that statistical testing at feature level, even without metabolite annotation, can select a subset of m/z features that carry biological meanings, which can be potentially projected onto metabolic networks as enriched patterns (Fig. …Large-scale metabolite annotation is a challenge in liquid chromatogram-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based untargeted metabolomics. ... Several approaches, such as Mummichog 16 and PIUMet 17, ...Metabolomics is a post-genomic approach used to identify and interrogate the repertoire of metabolites (the metabolome) in biological systems [1, 2]. ... Li et al. developed the mummichog framework that can successfully predict the functional activity of a metabolic pathway directly from a spectral feature table, ...Feb 23, 2023 · Both mummichog and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) algorithms were chosen for analysis. The default top 10% of peaks by p-value was chosen for the mummichog algorithm. For more robust pathway analysis, only metabolites that matched to levels of OL1, OL2a, and OL2b along with their fold changes were imported into GeneGo Metacore (Clarivate ... Aug 5, 2021 · Functional interpretations of untargeted metabolomics data were conducted using the "MS peaks to pathways" module of MetaboAnalyst 4.0, which was developed based on the Mummichog algorithm for the biological interpretation of untargeted metabolomics data [16]. Mummichog-based hypergeometric and gene set enrichment analysis algorithms were used ... This module performs integrated metabolic pathway analysis on results obtained from combined metabolomics and gene expression studies conducted under the same experimental conditions. It currently supports metabolomics data generated from 25 model organisms, including the Human, Mouse and Rat. Causal Analysis [Mendelian randomization] With ...Metabolomics, which is the profiling of metabolites in biofluids, cells and tissues, is routinely applied as a tool for biomarker discovery. Mummichog is a free Python program for analyzing data from high throughput, untargeted metabolomics. It leverages the organization of metabolic networks to predict functional activity directly from feature tables, bypassing metabolite identification. Thus, high-quality hypotheses can be quickly generated from a LC-MS data table. The version 4.0 aims to address three key challenges facing global metabolomics. By leveraging the best practices established by the community, MetaboAnalyst R 4.0 offers three key features: an auto-optimized feature detection and quantification module for LC-MS1 spectra processing; shuzhao@P500:~$ docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE xcms-sl latest 02a6ef231bc7 15 hours ago 1.32GB jasenfinch/ubuntu-r-xcms latest e58f6dcef717 35 hours ago 1.69GB shuzhao/mummichog 2.4.4 9b0ac8067b4a 5 days ago 397MB yufree/xcms latest 75d7c5534c58 8 days ago 4.66GB jupyter/datascience-notebook …2 ways to invest in the Asian country, as business-friendly presidential incumbent Joko Widodo surged ahead in election exit polls....EIDO After India kicked off the world's larges...Targeted and untargeted lipidome and metabolome profiling was performed with skin tissue by high-resolution mass spectrometry. ... The mummichog based pathway analysis shows that in control mice ...Jul 1, 2018 · Metabolomics data indicated differences in amino acid pathways and lipid metabolism between the two groups. Top pathways during the course of infection included methionine and cysteine metabolism, fatty acid metabolism and urea cycle. ... The mummichog software (version 1.0.7) was used for metabolic pathway analysis (mass …Oops! Did you mean... Welcome to The Points Guy! Many of the credit card offers that appear on the website are from credit card companies from which ThePointsGuy.com receives compe... Mummichog, pathway and network analysis for Metabolomics. 11/15/2018 1. Mummichog, pathway and network analysis for Metabolomics. Shuzhao Li, Ph.D. Assistant Professor, Dept. Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine E‐mail: [email protected] July 26, 2018. Metabolomics Immunology Bioinformatics. Jan 6, 2023 ... Theodore Alexandrov and Volker Hilsenstein (EMBL) Abstract: Recent discoveries put metabolism into the spotlight. Metabolism not only fuels ... Mummichog 3 dev. Mummichog is a Python program for analyzing data from high throughput, untargeted metabolomics. It leverages the organization of metabolic networks to predict functional activity directly from feature tables, bypassing metabolite identification. The version 2 is hosted at: This is version 3 under development. MetaboAnalystR 4.0 contains the R functions and libraries underlying the popular MetaboAnalyst web server, including metabolomic data analysis, visualization, and functional interpretation. The package is synchronized with the MetaboAnalyst web server. After installing and loading the package, users will be able to reproduce the same results …A real estate agent vs broker vs Realtor differs by their education, responsibilities, and NAR membership. Learn more about each role here. Real Estate | Versus REVIEWED BY: Gina B...Mar 10, 2024 · Instead, users should focus on the the analysis concepts and the workflow for metabolomics data analysis using this tool. Version Title Note Time Stamp Version 6.0: Overview of MetaboAnalyst 6.0: Overview of MetaboAnalyst 6.0 to show key features: 2024-03-10: LC-MS Spectra Processing: A tutorial to guide raw spectra processing (LC-MS1 + …Some categories are showing a 25% bonus instead of 50%. That's a big drop in value, and it seems that it's already in effect. Increased Offer! Hilton No Annual Fee 70K + Free Night...The biggest problem in metabolomics. When a dataset has been processed to identify peaks and then retention time grouped, the resulting set of ions may exceed 3,000‐4,000 (more if you use an FT‐ICR instrument) The dataset is then subjected to statistical analysis and 300‐400 ions pass criteria in mono‐ and multivariate statistics ...1 Introduction. Metabolomics aims to study all small compounds within a biological system. It complements other omics technologies in multi-omics characterization of biological systems, and is poised to play a significant role in precision medicine (Wishart, 2016).With the growing applications of metabolomics comes an urgent need for easy-to-use, open-source …Sep 25, 2017 · Purpose of Review Metabolomics is a rapidly evolving field that generates large and complex datasets. Bioinformatics becomes critical towards the extraction of meaningful biological information. In this article, we briefly review computational approaches that have been well accepted in the field, and discuss the development of new methods and tools to interpret metabolomics data. Recent ... It started as a pathway and network analysis tool for untargeted metabolomics 36. Mummichog assumes that statistical testing at feature level, even without metabolite annotation, can select a subset of m/z features that carry biological meanings, which can be potentially projected onto metabolic networks as enriched patterns (Fig. 10). Such ...Targeted and untargeted lipidome and metabolome profiling was performed with skin tissue by high-resolution mass spectrometry. ... The mummichog based pathway analysis shows that in control mice ...I am using XCMS online and I noticed that in my downloaded files in the mummichog folder, tsv folder file _tentative_featurematch_mummichog the m/z values are truncated to 4 decimal places. However, when I export the results table from xcms online the mzmed contains 7 decimal places.MS Peaks to Pathways Step-by-Step. Step 1: On the MetaboAnalyst home page, press “click here to start” to enter the module overview. Step 2: On the Module View page, click the “MS Peaks to Pathways” circle to begin. Step 3: In the MS Peaks to Pathways upload page, first specify the “Mass Accuracy” and the “Analytical Mode” of ...A) In the work flow of untargeted metabolomics, the conventional approach requires the metabolites to be identified before pathway/network analysis, while mummichog (blue arrow) predicts ...A metabolic model consists of metabolites, enzymes, reactions, pathways Reactions can be described by differential equations (mathematical models) We focus on …11/15/2018 1 Mummichog, pathway and network analysis for Metabolomics Shuzhao Li, Ph.D. Assistant Professor, Dept. Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine E‐mail: [email protected] July 26, 2018 Metabolomics Immunology Bioinformatics Where do my metabolites go?Here we introduce MetaboAnalyst version 5.0, aiming to narrow the gap from raw data to functional insights for global metabolomics based on high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). Three modules have been developed to help achieve this goal, including: (i) a LC-MS Spectra Processing module which offers an easy-to-use pipeline that can perform ...The University of Alabama at Birmingham | UABThere are five different tax filing statuses, with each having its own advantages and disadvantages. Here's how to determine which status you should use. Filing taxes may not be yo...The windfall comes not from Amazon but from Apple By clicking "TRY IT", I agree to receive newsletters and promotions from Money and its partners. I agree to Money's Terms of Use a...We aimed to integrate these metabolomics datasets to determine metabolites which behave in the same way in different infectious diseases. One of the challenges in integrating metabolomics datasets is a non-linear drift which occurs between them in terms of retention time. ... This was followed by annotation and pathway analysis using mummichog ...Functional interpretations of untargeted metabolomics data were conducted using the "MS peaks to pathways" module of MetaboAnalyst 4.0, which was developed based on the Mummichog algorithm for the biological interpretation of untargeted metabolomics data [16]. Mummichog-based hypergeometric and gene set enrichment …Detailed output from mummichog of pathways lower in ERA patients The data in Table S3 corresponds to that in Tables 3 and 4. NIHMS819007-supplement-3.xlsx (17K) GUID: D5606E16-3C37-42B3-AE7B-02F71736499D. ... The metabolomics data, and confirmed to a lesser extent with the 16S data, suggest differences in tryptophan metabolism in children …This week in the NFL, it's the Patriots vs Lions, Eagles vs Colts, and Cowboys vs Seahawks. Here's how to watch NFL games for free online. By clicking "TRY IT", I agree to receive ...Metabolomics is the emerging field of comprehensive profiling of metabolites. As metabolites are the direct readout of functional activity, metabolomics fills in a critical …Jan 10, 2024 · MetaboAnalyst is a web-based platform dedicated for comprehensive metabolomics data analysis, interpretation and integration with other omics data. Over the past decade, MetaboAnalyst has evolved from statistical and functional analysis for targeted metabolomics data, towards more streamlined analysis for both quantitative and untargeted ... Project identifier. Metabolic model. Significance cutoff p-value in input file. Ion mode. Mass accuracy (ppm) Adduct Type M [1+] M+H [1+] M+2H [2+] M (C13)+H [1+] M (C13)+2H …You can't change your child's temperament, but you can embrace the one they have. As parents, we have a tendency to view our child’s moods and behavior as a reflection of our paren...An “autonomous” mass spectrometry-based untargeted metabolomic workflow with integrative metabolic pathway analysis revealed a number of differentially …Dec 2, 2013 ... Specifically, metabolomics is the "systematic study of the unique chemical fingerprints that specific cellular processes leave behind", the ...Mummichog Serverpathway and network analysis for metabolomics. Updating cloud backend... please excuse downtime. One may use our v3 test server at the meantime. Start new analysis. Upload input file. This should be tab-delimited text file resulting from statistical analysis at feature level. One feature per line.Feb 23, 2023 · Both mummichog and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) algorithms were chosen for analysis. The default top 10% of peaks by p-value was chosen for the mummichog algorithm. For more robust pathway analysis, only metabolites that matched to levels of OL1, OL2a, and OL2b along with their fold changes were imported into GeneGo Metacore (Clarivate ...

Introduction Plants respond to changes in their environments through hormonal activation of a physiological cascade that redirects metabolic resources and growth. In filberts (Corylus sp.), chelated iron promotes the growth of new shoots but the mechanism(s) are not understood. Objectives To use untargeted metabolomics and …. Youtube tv.start

mummichog metabolomics

In this study, we have evaluated the metabolomic and lipidomic profiles in serum samples of nonhuman primates (NHPs) treated with Ex-Rad after exposure to ionizing radiation. ... Mummichog pathway ...Metabolomics is a post-genomic approach used to identify and interrogate the repertoire of metabolites (the metabolome) in biological systems [1, 2]. ... Li et al. developed the mummichog framework that can successfully predict the functional activity of a metabolic pathway directly from a spectral feature table, ...MS Peaks to Pathways Step-by-Step. Step 1: On the MetaboAnalyst home page, press “click here to start” to enter the module overview. Step 2: On the Module View page, click the “MS Peaks to Pathways” circle to begin. Step 3: In the MS Peaks to Pathways upload page, first specify the “Mass Accuracy” and the “Analytical Mode” of ...metabolism. A classic approach to interpreting omics data: pathway enrichment analysis. Advances in omics approaches enabled profiling transcripts, …Aug 1, 2016 · A network-based method and computational tool, PIUMet, reveals disease-associated molecular pathways from untargeted metabolomics data without requiring mass-spectral feature identification. Enhanced result table download for mummichog and covariate adjustment analysis (04/30/2023); ... Overview. MetaboAnalyst is a comprehensive platform dedicated for metabolomics data analysis via user-friendly, web-based interface. Over the past decade, MetaboAnalyst has evolved to become the most widely used platform (>300,000 users) in the ...Jan 10, 2024 · MetaboAnalyst is a web-based platform dedicated for comprehensive metabolomics data analysis, interpretation and integration with other omics data. Over the past decade, MetaboAnalyst has evolved from statistical and functional analysis for targeted metabolomics data, towards more streamlined analysis for both quantitative and untargeted ... Do you know how to explain survival of the fittest? Find out how to explain survival of the fittest in this article from HowStuffWorks. Advertisement There comes a time when every ...An R Package for Comprehensive Analysis of Metabolomics Data. Package index. Search the xia-lab/MetaboAnalystR package. Vignettes. README.md Functions. 1825. Source code. 87. Man pages. 536 ... Create Mummichog Libraries from KEGG Description. Function to create mummichog libraries from MetaboAnalyst pathway libraries (metpa). …Metabolomics is a post-genomic approach used to identify and interrogate the repertoire of metabolites (the metabolome) in biological systems [1, 2]. ... Li et al. developed the mummichog framework that can successfully predict the functional activity of a metabolic pathway directly from a spectral feature table, ...MetaboAnalyst (www.metaboanalyst.ca) is an easy-to-use, comprehensive web-based tool, freely available for metabolomics data processing, statistical analysis, functional interpretation, as well as integration with other omics data.This chapter first provides an introductory overview to the current MetaboAnalyst (version 4.0) with …Jul 19, 2001 · Metabolomics is like other types of –omics analysis (microarray, RNA‐Seq, proteomics, etc.) Offers a “comprehensive” view of all detectable chemicals (not just metabolites) Can be applied to body fluids. Plasma/sera, urine, …Progenesis and MetaboAnalyst, platforms dedicated to metabolomics data analysis, were used to establish a panel of differentially expressed metabolites across these two stages of melanoma. In addition, mummichog was used to identify the affected pathways. A total of 12 differentially expressed metabolites including amino acids, carnitine ...Jun 17, 2020 · Metabolomics is a rapidly growing field of study that endeavors to measure the complete set of metabolites ... Using an accurate m/z search under 50 ppm, metabolites from positive and negative ionization were matched in Mummichog software, which included metabolites from KEGG and other databases. Mummichog software ...Introduction Plants respond to changes in their environments through hormonal activation of a physiological cascade that redirects metabolic resources and growth. In filberts (Corylus sp.), chelated iron promotes the growth of new shoots but the mechanism(s) are not understood. Objectives To use untargeted metabolomics and …May 7, 2020 · This process is very time consuming and remains a key bottleneck in global metabolomics [19,20]. The mummichog algorithm has introduced the concept of predicting pathway activity from ranked LC-MS peaks based on matching patterns of putatively annotated metabolites . The algorithm is available as Python scripts . In this study, we have evaluated the metabolomic and lipidomic profiles in serum samples of nonhuman primates (NHPs) treated with Ex-Rad after exposure to ionizing radiation. ... Mummichog pathway ....

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